Tag: Psychologist Quezon City
Finding Your Purpose: A Behavioral Perspective
by Nathan Chua
In a recent article about Tim Cook, the current CEO of Apple computers, he had this to say about an old saying:
“There is a saying that if you do what you love, you will never work a day in your life,” Cook said during the speech at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans.
“At Apple, I learned that is a total crock,” Cook said to a laugh from the crowd.*
How many times have many of us stared at the horizon to ask ourselves what our existence is for? There have been many cases in the counseling room wherein people ask me why they have these feelings of emptiness, a lack of purpose or direction in their lives. Believe me, I still ask myself the same questions. I am not exempt from life’s difficult puzzles.
I am quite sure that most of you reading or listening or watching this have browsed through countless articles that try to answer this question of finding purpose. In this space, I would like to share my take on how this might look like, from a behavioral perspective.
Here’s my understanding of the subject at this point in my journey inside the world of contextual behavioral science. We all do things for a reason. When you pick up your toothbrush in the morning, that has a purpose. Deciding to use your time to go to the grocery store whether by foot or by the use of a vehicle is also based on reasons. There are three ways of explaining why we do what we do. We either think of them as activities that we should, must, or can’t do, that we have to do, and that we want to do. Now, let’s break each one of them down.
Musts, Shoulds, Can’ts:
As humans who enjoy being at the top of the food chain, we occupy this spot in part because of our capacity to follow rules without having to experience something first hand. We can just be told about a rule and not have to test it. You can imagine how helpful this ability can be if we go back to ancient times when a rule to follow might be, “Don’t go near a lion because it can be dangerous.” Rules like washing our hands before we eat or avoiding certain places that can pose a danger to our safety are helpful in keeping us safe and alive.
However, this rule following capacity can otherwise be detrimental when applied to threats we sense from the inside. If we yell and scream at our child or partner, sometimes following that rule can work.
We get what we want, like a period of less frustration from someone we live with. The rule here is I shouldn’t be getting to this level of frustration with my child or partner. Or, I can’t stand this feeling any longer, I must do something to stop it. Unfortunately, this can have detrimental long term effects on your relationship with the very people that mean most to you especially when done in a harsh manner.
This can also translate into other consequential decisions in life. Shoulds like you should be pursuing a career in a field only because it is what others say you should do.
A good example of this is, “I must be a doctor because that is what my family wants for me,” which often leads to burnout and poor performance.
The other extreme is to follow a rule that may not be available for us to follow at the moment. An example would be, I must be an artist regardless of the fact that I am currently without any opportunities to be one.
Another form is when we follow rules like I must have a drink when I am stressed; I can’t sleep without a sleeping pill; or I can’t speak before a crowd until I am relaxed.
This type of rule-following can lead to unhelpful and at times unhealthy behaviors where we don’t make advances in what we are capable of achieving within the finite amount of time that we have in our existence.
Have to’s:
These activities fall under what Tim Cook was probably referring to. Although we would like an ideal of working in jobs that give us the most fulfillment, we nonetheless would likely end up with aspects of the work that we don’t necessarily enjoy. This is where some of that idealism has to wear off.
If you are one who insists on being in that dream job, but can’t find any opportunities to land one, maybe it is time to think about the have to’s. In the meantime, and we don’t know how long that meantime will be, you might have to work other jobs and pursue your passions through other avenues. There are people who end up doing what they love on the weekends in a different setting. Anyway what we love to do we can do even without compensation. You’ll never know, you might even find it in whatever current job you have that puts food on the table. In other words, there can be parts of your job that allow you to do what you love to do even if it’s less than your ideal.
Want to’s:
Here is where most of us would like to be. Unfortunately, not even the jobs that fit our passions are purely fun. If you wanted to play a sport for a living, there’s also the hard part of long hours of practice in a very lonely gym. So congratulate yourself if you are able to land a job wherein you are fulfilling your want to’s.
Want to’s can also involve what we do for rest and relaxation. To go back to an earlier example, your musts, like I must drink to remove my stress, can be changed to, I drink when I choose to remove my stress. This is where we see the same form of behavior functioning differently in different contexts.
Here’s a quote from Ray Owen, that I believe is a helpful guide for us to know if ingesting something to relax from heavy stress is helpful or not:
“Remembering, planning, daydreaming, imagining, and so on–matter greatly to me too and I wouldn’t give them up. However, I’d say that they’re good things when they’re chosen,” Ray Owen
You can add having some time off of work or other commitments with a drink or two (or whatever activity it is that you do for recreation) because you choose or want to, and not because you must, is a way to see if you are doing something with your time that is helpful or unhelpful to your sense of purpose. It is probably something that works for you if you choose to do it rather than something you must do in order to achieve something, like relieving stress.
So next time you do something that’s like following a rule, notice the rule first, then notice why you’re doing it and see if it is something you feel like you:
- must, should, or can’t do,
- or something you have to do,
- or something you want to do.
Maybe you will find your place in the sun or what we most of the time call, your purpose for living. Nice rule of thumb, isn’t it?
*Source: IFL Science
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Living with Purpose and Intent
by Nathan Chua
“Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever,”
Mahatma Gandhi
Have you come to a point in your life when you feel like as it says in the Bible, chasing after the wind? Have you ever felt like every day has become a pointless pursuit of comfort and tranquility? Has your life turned into an endless problem to solve? You go from fixing one problem after another. When’s the next challenge going to come? Will I be able to surmount the bigger ones down the line?
If you have, don’t worry, you’re not alone. I came from the same quagmire. Early in my career, I started believing that life was about fulfilling a role of being around to be the problem solver. Furthermore, I had learned from my history that the secret to the good life is the comfortable life. One in which I can be the great problem solver, conquering one obstacle at a time until there remain only the easier ones. I dreamt of eventually coasting along as I moved into old age.
I lived that way for the first 20 years of my working life. People around me would notice how I looked then. I often carried a tired and angry expression on my face; always on alert for the next challenge that comes my way. I was the hero who was always ready to come to the rescue.
To borrow a metaphor I saw in a YouTube video, you can view a rabbit running across from a window, but you wouldn’t know if that rabbit was going for a carrot or running away from a predator. I was like that rabbit that people saw from a window. One couldn’t tell if I was in business because I simply enjoyed doing it or if I was doing it to avoid the shame that comes if I had failed in business. For those who are new here, I spent the first 20 years of my career as a businessman. A failure in business meant I had failed my family.
You would probably understand why I often looked tired and angry. Tired because life has become a struggle and angry because I didn’t see any end in sight. Life was sending me challenge after challenge to surmount. Like the rabbit running away from a predator that eventually tires out, I was exhausted escaping from the jaws of my shaming, “Whatever happens, don’t be a failure,” thoughts.
One day I woke up and started noticing the hamster wheel I was on. It was as if I was living backwards. Like some of what I learned in psychodynamic therapy, I lived hoping to come back to the safety of my mother’s womb, wishing to get back to that fetal position of a tranquil life.
That tranquil life turns out to be a mirage. No matter how much we try to avoid it, life has its challenges and running away from the feelings and thoughts that these challenges come with, is like becoming a rabbit that spends most of its time fleeing a predator, although in my case the predator is my own worst fears.
You and I can pivot towards a life in pursuit of what truly matters to us. Rabbits run away from life-threatening circumstances. We humans though can run away from our thoughts and not just actual threats to our safety. It only takes the rabbit to notice when the noise behind the bushes was just a gust of wind to make it go and pursue food or a mate. Although it is difficult, we can start to make changes in our life directions by noticing if we are spending much of our energies running away from our unpleasant internal experiences, or if we are pursuing the qualities of being and living that matter to us.
The happy rabbit is the one that pursues nourishment and the possibility of a mate. Take it from there, are you willing to start pursuing the rich and meaningful life, even if it means that your fearful inner experiences will become more evident as you go. Maybe that’s what Gandhi meant in his words. His life was mostly about pursuing something that was good and noble, rather than about running away from the dangers his mind reminded him of. He pursued the irrational move to expose himself to the dangers of a life spent for the welfare of others, and paid the ultimate price. Nonetheless, he lived, not the tranquil life, but the meaningful one. He is the quintessential rabbit moving in the direction of what he wanted to do with his time…every single minute.
Are you a walking diagnosis?
by Nathan Chua
In my more than a decade’s work, one of the most common questions I get from people inquiring about mental health services is, “Can you give me a diagnosis?” These come in many forms. Some call already with a prior diagnosis from another practitioner, “I had been diagnosed as a borderline personality, is there anything different about the way you treat people like me?” Even as I had training from that very same school of thought, I had always had my reservations about the practice of diagnosing. I had been diagnosed once, and I know how it feels and I know that it really wasn’t helpful. It is as if knowing what people have can make them somehow more aware of their tendencies and therefore allow them to be more cognizant of their actions.
Does knowing one’s diagnosis really help? Let’s take a look at what a diagnosis really comes up to, by taking this to an absurd level of analogy. If one were diagnosed to be bipolar, would they go around eating in restaurants and meeting people and saying, “Hi, I am Nathan. I am a bipolar disordered person!” Would they introduce themselves in every situation the same way? Like would that be how you would tell someone about yourself in a group class? From this, we can notice that we all act differently depending on the situations that we are in. We act differently when we are at work and when we are at home. We act differently when we are stressed and when we are relaxed.
Based on my experience, I have seen how this happens to people who had been dealt with a veritable life sentence of being attached to a label. At times, even worse, pinned with an inaccurate one at that.
As human beings we have evolved into a group of cells and individuals that thrive and survive through cooperation. One of the scariest parts of being human is to become isolated from a group. Being creatures who survive in communities, we have yearnings to belong. In the wild, the isolated human’s fate is most probably becoming a dead human sooner than later.
Belonging is important to us. There was even a famous study in the past that showed how much humans require nurturing and caring. Babies cannot survive just being fed through a bottle. They need touching and the physical and mental stimulation that comes from a caregiver.
However in the age of social media and the rest of the modern accoutrements we enjoy, the mind has hijacked this inner yearning to belong. Our problem-solving minds are excellent in categorizing people. The way to this felt sense of belonging has turned into being special instead of being one with others who share the same doubts, fears, and inner perturbations. You and I can see this in how special people want to project themselves in their social media accounts. The way to belong is to become special! Do you notice the oxymoron here?
The other way the mind hijacks this yearning to belong is the complete opposite of the abovementioned example. Our thoughts turn us into especially vulnerable individuals that need special attention. I have bipolar disorder so you better be extra kind and loving around me.
Like traits, all these diagnoses serve more to put us in boxes of categories. Experts have seen how countries that had adapted this system of classification (or what we call our DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorder) get worse results. What we used to think were just the shy nerdy types in school have now turned into walking diagnoses that need special attention and worse, medication. We had forgotten an era when that shy, quiet girl in class can turn into the next world class stage performer.
So let’s get back to how I started this blog post. What do I say when asked about whether or not I can give a diagnosis? I just tell them that I don’t.
How to be OK even when everything else is not
by Nathan Chua
Multiple deadlines, challenges at home and at work, you’re about to lose your job, someone in the family has a serious ailment, pressure is coming from all sides…life happens and is coming at you like a savage beast hungry for a fight to the death! These are the times when people come to see me. The world has turned against my clients and there seems to be nothing they can do that has succeeded in changing anything. In fact, the more they try the worse the outcomes become!
It is also during these moments that our minds go on overdrive, drilling judgmental thought after judgmental thought into our consciousness. The key here is to reach a level of awareness of what is within or outside our control. If you ever wondered what it is that makes us feel that we are living ineffectual lives, it is our misdirected efforts to control that which is not subject to control.
Just be the human being that we had become through billions of years of evolution! We have an assortment of wonderful tools inside our nervous system. Turning against these evolved functions, is like working against gravity.
Ultimately, what happens to us in life is not within our control, but our responses are. The goal of psychology as a field of scientific study is to bring to bear what it is that makes us live ineffectually and then find ways to change or interrupt that process to get us moving towards a different, more effectual, and more life-enhancing direction. So it really does not matter as much what happens to us, as how we face them. How we handle ourselves in those moments is where we can bridge the gap between what we are and what we aspire to be.
The question we could keep in mind is, “Did we handle it well?” Here’s a paraphrase of Dr. Darin Cairns words reminding us that we can be okay even when everything around us tells us we’re not.
“I can’t promise you everyone’s going to like you.
I can’t promise you that people will always know you exist.
I can promise you this, if you like you at that time, if you liked how you lived it, then you’ll like that you were true to what you believed in.
That you liked how you handled yourself in terms of whatever you value, then you’re always ok.
You’re ok when you’re popular, you’re ok when you’re alone, you’re ok after a breakup, you’re ok when you’re scared to death, and you’re ok when you’re hurting.
You don’t have to stand tall but you do have to stand up. You don’t have to think that you’re better than anyone, you don’t have to have anyone praise you, but you do have to be willing to exist for you.”
So to you my friend, I can say that no matter how dire your circumstances are at this moment, take a look at yourself ahead of you by a year or so, and ask yourself, “Would your future you like how you, the present you, handled the situation?” I hope that brings you back in touch with what truly matters for you in each and every moment that comes. No matter how not okay these moments can get, you can be okay knowing you stood up for you!
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The Chess Game In Our Heads
by Nathan Chua
One of the awesome features of ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) is the use of metaphors that makes counseling work more experiential and interesting. One that has recently become my favorite is how an ACT therapist, Chris McCurry, uses the chess metaphor so effectively. Here’s how I remember some of the ways he describes the chess game and how it is similar to the way our minds work.
Our minds have different thoughts with varying degrees of importance and likeability. Some are quite important while others are part of our mundane thoughts, like our plans to go grocery-shopping for the day. The important ones can refer to our sense of meaning and purpose, our thoughts about how we can face life’s tragic aspects, or our important relationships that require our attention. Now, as chess is a game of two sides of a battle, one side can represent our more positive thoughts while the other will be our negative ones. In McCurry’s illustration, he says that even if we feel like the positive side may have the upper hand at any given moment, there will always be at least one piece of the negative side that remains. We can attest to this fact simply by checking in with our personal experiences. How many times have we enjoyed a vacation and said we don’t have any single negative thought in mind? Probably not! If you are married, did you do so with nary a negative thought? On the other hand, how many times have you been caught up in negative thoughts and still have that little tiny voice inside you that says: You’re alright, don’t worry! As you can see, neither one can totally eliminate the other.
In Russ Harris’ version of the chess metaphor for the mind, he shares that each white piece actually generates a black piece and vice versa. Positive thoughts remind us of our negative ones! You can test this with your own experience. See what you sense if someone like me told you that you are the nicest kindest person on the planet! See what your mind does with that information. I can also start with a negative judgment. You are the worst most unlikeable person on the planet! See what you mind does with that too.
Did you sense that in the former your mind tells you: Hogwash! I am a kind person but certainly not all the time or not compared to everyone else? On the other hand, did your mind do the same opposite-thinking while hearing me tell you that you are the worst person on the living earth! Your mind may say something that goes like this: Yeah, you’re right, sometimes I do feel that way, but that can’t be right all the time!
As you can see in these illustrations that there are no winners in this game that we play in our minds. It is unwinnable as McCurry describes it. So it is hopeless trying to be the positive pieces in this war in our heads. The negative pieces just aren’t leaving for as long as we are alive and with our nervous systems functioning as they are as I write and as you read this post.
The question now is: Then who could we be in this chess game so that we can get out of this war and move on with our lives? The answer is the chessboard! We are the containers of these thoughts but we are not them! And being the containers, we don’t really need to care who wins or loses in this game. We can remain as witnesses to this war!
If you are able to write down your thoughts, then this is a practice in metacognition! Noticing your thoughts and noticing that you are noticing them! That’s a part of you that notices everything that goes on in your life! And with this capacity, we can then choose the particular course of action that is most effective for what is unfolding in front of us!
Furthermore, I love that Chris McCurry also uses the chess game to illustrate life and its tragic elements. As we play the game, we will eventually lose pieces as we go through it. The object of the game is to keep playing with the pieces you have left. This is a bigger metaphor actually of not just our minds but of life itself. If we live long enough, we will experience the bitter sweetness that life presents. As Steven Hayes, the developer of ACT writes in his best-selling book,
“You have only so much time on this earth, and you don’t know how much. The question “Are you going to live, knowing you will die?” is not fundamentally different than these questions: “Are you going to love, knowing you will be hurt?” Or, “Are you going to commit to living a valued life knowing you will sometimes not meet your commitments?” Or, “Will you reach for success knowing you will sometimes fail.” The potential for pain and the sense of vitality you gain from these experiences go together. If your life is truly going to be about something, it helps to look at it from the perspective of what you would want the path your life leaves behind to mean.”
Life gives us but one chance and it doesn’t come without moments when we have to say goodbye to our youth, old friends, and loved ones. Like the game of chess, let’s make the most of what we have at present and live our One Life Only as well as we can.
Are you alone this Valentine?
by Nathan Chua
I have a feeling you would say that this blog post may not be worth your time. Why? Because how many times have you read articles that tell you to weigh the pros and cons of being alone in this time made exclusively for couples. Well, this article will either amuse you or disappoint you. I am not here to talk about the usual good and bad of being single and alone on Valentine’s day. That battle in your mind will go on until the day you lose consciousness (well, for good, knock on wood). It will never end. It’s sort of like an old marriage joke I heard once from a clergyman, “Marriage is like flies on a screen door. Those who are out want in and those who are in want out!”
Well, that’s the mind for you! Sorry to sound trite, but your mind will always convince you that the grass is greener on the other side. It is a nonstop judgment machine!
So here’s the deal with being alone this Valentine’s day. You can either give up your search for a lover, or you can keep doing what you are doing now (rationalizing why you shouldn’t or why you should be extra picky, or why you should anyway), or you can give it a go! I know your mind will start barking off reasons for you to not even try. It’s going to be one out of a hundred chances that I get to meet someone interesting. It will be exhausting! Boring! Painful! I will just get rejected more times than I can bear.
You can either follow what your mind tells you to do or step back a little and say what is dating done in the service of? Is there a part of you that wants to be loving and caring to that one special person? If your answer is yes, notice the verbs I use here! It is about being loving and caring. It is not just about marrying the right person, or having a long term commitment. What’s the difference? The former is something you can do endlessly until the end of your last breath, while the latter are goals you make that tell you you’re partly on your way to be the former! Get it?
See if we focus on our goals, we set ourselves up for disappointment…whether we succeed or not. Why so? That doesn’t seem fair! Let’s see how goals work in our lives. Goals are mostly end points in a process of pursuing something we want out of our lives. If you fail to meet those goals, then you end up disappointed. If you succeed in achieving your goals, how long does the satisfaction last? Have you ever noticed that any new goals you achieve are instantly followed by a lack of satisfaction and an urge to pursue even more goals? (Ever wondered why some of the richest billionaires end up doing something else besides what they had been doing so well for decades?) So whether you achieve goals or not, you end up disappointed or at least unsatisfied. Remember your mind is a judgment machine!
So think of dating as part of your magic carpet ride! It will be scary at times for sure, but it will likely be worth it if you know what the activity done is in the service of. Think of a child who plays games like hide and seek! Isn’t that scary and anxiety-causing? But we still played the game for the sake of a more fun childhood! That was when we hardly knew the rules that our minds gave us! You shouldn’t feel this or that, or think this or that! At least that’s what the adults around us said! So the secret is to see your moves from a child’s eyes. This is going to be horrifying at times, but alive! Just like a movie! There will be challenging times, but that’s what makes a movie a movie worth watching, isn’t it?
So get in touch with the child in you and enjoy the ride. This is just part of your journey of being or becoming more like the loving you you’ve always wanted to be! Happy Valentine’s Day everyone! (and that includes the lonely ones!)